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中国沙漠 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 12-25.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00013

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干旱区典型绿洲景观格局的冷岛效应

邓心茹1(), 别强1,2,3(), 黄春林4, 石莹1, 李欣璋1   

  1. 1.兰州交通大学,测绘与地理信息学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
    2.兰州交通大学,地理国情监测技术应用国家地方联合工程研究中心,甘肃 兰州 730070
    3.三和数码测绘地理信息技术有限公司 博士后科研工作站,甘肃 天水 741000
    4.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 甘肃省遥感重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-24 修回日期:2025-02-25 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-11-26
  • 通讯作者: 别强
  • 作者简介:邓心茹(2000—),女,江西抚州人,硕士研究生,主要从事干旱区绿洲的研究。E-mail: 11220894@stu.lzjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(42101096);甘肃省青年科技基金项目(21JR7RA341)

Cold island effect of typical oasis landscape pattern in arid region

Xinru Deng1(), Qiang Bie1,2,3(), Chunlin Huang4, Ying Shi1, Xinzhang Li1   

  1. 1.Faculty of Geomatics /, Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2.National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    3.Post-doctorate Workstation,Sanhe Digital Surverying and Geographic Information Technology Company,Tianshui 741000,Gansu,China
    4.Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing of Gansu Province,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2024-12-24 Revised:2025-02-25 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-11-26
  • Contact: Qiang Bie

摘要:

绿洲冷岛效应对保障绿洲地区人类健康安全及宜居性具有重要意义。本文针对干旱区四大典型绿洲(阿克苏、和田、武威、张掖),运用Landsat影像反演地表温度,结合地面气候数据验证精度,分析各绿洲冷岛效应强度及其时空变化,结合土地覆被数据与景观格局指数,探讨土地覆被及景观格局对冷岛效应的影响。结果表明:(1)2000—2020年,研究区绿洲分布不断外扩,阿克苏绿洲冷岛面积显著增加,而武威绿洲冷岛面积呈缩小态势,但各绿洲综合冷岛效应(OICE)指数均有所增长,冷岛效应增强。(2)各绿洲耕地、林地和建设用地扩展,裸地减少。阿克苏绿洲耕地扩张增强冷岛效应;和田绿洲耕地扩张扩大冷岛范围;武威绿洲建设用地扩张削弱冷岛效应;张掖绿洲土地覆盖结构优化增强冷岛效应。(3)冷岛效应驱动机制差异显著。阿克苏、和田绿洲主要受斑块面积百分比(PLAND)驱动,土地覆被集中性增强冷岛效应;武威绿洲由PLAND、边缘密度(ED)和平均形状指标(SHAPE_MN)共同驱动,ED在边缘区域贡献显著;张掖绿洲以SHAPE_MN为主导,PLAND则表现为抑制作用。

关键词: 绿洲冷岛效应, 景观格局, 干旱区绿洲, 土地覆被, 时空变化

Abstract:

The oasis cool island effect plays a significant role in ensuring human health, safety, and livability in oasis areas. This study focuses on four typical oases in arid regions (Aksu, Hotan, Wuwei, and Zhangye), using Landsat imagery to retrieve land surface temperature, and validating the results with ground climate data. The analysis explores the intensity and spatiotemporal variations of the cool island effect in these oases, while investigating the impact of land cover and landscape patterns on the cool island effect by combining land cover data and landscape pattern indices. The results indicate that: (1) During 2000-2020 the oasis areas in the study region expanded, with a significant increase in the cool island area of Aksu Oasis, while the cool island area of Wuwei Oasis decreased. However, the overall cool island effect (OICE) index of all oases increased, indicating a strengthened cool island effect. (2) In all oases, cultivated land, forest land, and built-up areas expanded, while barren land decreased. The expansion of cultivated land in Aksu Oasis enhanced the cool island effect; the expansion of cultivated land in Hotan Oasis extended the cool island range; the expansion of built-up areas in Wuwei Oasis weakened the cool island effect; and the optimization of land cover structure in Zhangye Oasis enhanced the cool island effect. (3) The driving mechanisms of OCIE varied across oases. In Aksu and Hotan, OCIE was mainly driven by patch area percentage (PLAND), with higher land cover concentration enhancing the effect. In Wuwei, OCIE was influenced by PLAND, edge density (ED), and mean shape index (SHAPE_MN), with ED making significant contributions in peripheral regions. In Zhangye, SHAPE_MN was the primary driver, while PLAND showed a suppressive effect.

Key words: oasis cold island effect, landscape pattern, arid zone oasis, land cover, temporal and spatial variation

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